{"id":4073,"date":"2022-06-20T17:54:17","date_gmt":"2022-06-20T17:54:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oceanpanel.org\/?post_type=perspective&p=4073"},"modified":"2022-06-29T16:44:03","modified_gmt":"2022-06-29T16:44:03","slug":"edmund-bartlett-cruises-the-future-of-cruise-tourism","status":"publish","type":"perspective","link":"https:\/\/oceanpanel.org\/zh\/perspective\/edmund-bartlett-cruises-the-future-of-cruise-tourism\/","title":{"rendered":"Edmund Bartlett \u2014 \u90ae\u8f6e\uff1a\u90ae\u8f6e\u65c5\u6e38\u7684\u672a\u6765"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5c3d\u7ba1\u53d1\u751f\u4e86 COVID-19 \u5927\u6d41\u884c\u4e14\u590d\u82cf\u6b65\u4f10\u7f13\u6162\uff0c\u4f46\u6cbf\u6d77\u548c\u6d77\u6d0b\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e2d\u589e\u957f\u6700\u5feb\u7684\u90e8\u95e8\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5c0f\u5c9b\u5c7f\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6 (SIDS) \u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u90ae\u8f6e\u65c5\u6e38\u5728\u5185\u7684\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u662f\u7ecf\u6d4e\u589e\u957f\u548c\u521b\u9020\u5c31\u4e1a\u673a\u4f1a\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u9a71\u52a8\u529b\uff0c\u662f\u5916\u6c47\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6536\u5165\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u5bf9\u786e\u4fdd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6062\u590d\u529b\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5c55\u671b\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u8be5\u90e8\u95e8\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6cbf\u6d77\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u52a0\u52d2\u6bd4\u6d77\u7b49\u8106\u5f31\u5c0f\u5c9b\u5c7f\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5c06\u662f\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\uff08\u516c\u5171\u548c\u79c1\u4eba\uff09\u5bf9\u51b3\u5b9a\u6027\u6d77\u6d0b\u6c14\u5019\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u627f\u8bfa\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u8de8\u9886\u57df\u7684\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u5982\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fdd\u62a4\u3001\u51cf\u5c11\u6c61\u67d3\u548c\u5851\u6599\u5e9f\u7269\u3001\u751f\u7269\u591a\u6837\u6027\u4fdd\u62a4\u548c\u84dd\u8272\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e2d\u7684\u7eff\u8272\u6280\u672f\u6295\u8d44\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u6210\u4e3a\u90ae\u8f6e\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u548c\u66f4\u666e\u904d\u7684\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u3002\u6d77\u6d0b\u4f7f\u8fd1 200 \u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u6d77\u5916\u9886\u571f\u7684\u56fd\u5185\u548c\u56fd\u9645\u65c5\u6e38\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u5728\u5168\u7403\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff0c\u6d77\u6d0b\u548c\u6cbf\u6d77\u8d44\u6e90\u548c\u4ea7\u4e1a\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u4ef7\u503c\u4f30\u8ba1\u4e3a\u6bcf\u5e74 $3 \u4e07\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u7ea6\u5360\u5168\u7403 GDP \u7684 5%\uff0c\u800c\u6d77\u6d0b\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5bf9\u5168\u7403\u589e\u52a0\u503c\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u4fdd\u5b88\u4f30\u8ba1\u5728\u6570\u91cf\u7ea7\u6bcf\u5e74 US$1.5 \u4e07\u4ebf\uff0c\u7ea6\u5360\u5168\u7403\u589e\u52a0\u503c\u7684 3%[1]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

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\u968f\u7740\u4e16\u754c\u5f00\u59cb\u4e3a\u6446\u8131\u5927\u6d41\u884c\u505a\u51c6\u5907\uff0c\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8003\u8651\u56e0\u7d20\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0e\u536b\u751f\u548c\u6e2f\u53e3\u5f53\u5c40\u5408\u4f5c\u5236\u5b9a\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\u548c\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u8981\u6c42\u548c\u884c\u4e1a\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u534f\u8c03\u548c\u534f\u4f5c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5efa\u7acb\u548c\u9075\u5b88\u5b89\u5168\u534f\u8bae\u548c\u63aa\u65bd\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0e\u8239\u4e0a\u533b\u7597\u548c\u536b\u751f\u8bbe\u65bd\u6709\u5173\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u548c\u63aa\u65bd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u90ae\u8f6e\u65c5\u6e38\u5bf9\u52a0\u52d2\u6bd4\u5730\u533a\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u52a0\u52d2\u6bd4\u5730\u533a\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u9886\u5148\u7684\u8fdc\u6d0b\u6e38\u8f6e\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u8d5a\u94b1\u7684\u6e38\u8f6e\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u6839\u636e \u52a0\u52d2\u6bd4\u65b0\u95fb\u6570\u5b57<\/em> \u6742\u5fd7\uff0c\u52a0\u52d2\u6bd4\u5730\u533a\u63a5\u5f85\u4e86\u5168\u7403\u7ea6 60% \u7684\u6e38\u8f6e\u4e58\u5ba2\u3002\u52a0\u52d2\u6bd4\u65c5\u6e38\u7ec4\u7ec7\u62a5\u544a\u79f0\uff0c2014 \u5e74\u7ea6\u6709 2500 \u4e07\u6e38\u8f6e\u4e58\u5ba2\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e86 24 \u4e2a\u52a0\u52d2\u6bd4\u76ee\u7684\u5730\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6570\u5b57\u5728 2015 \u5e74\u589e\u957f\u4e86 11%\u3002\u8fd9\u4e3a\u6e2f\u53e3\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u6e2f\u53e3\u793e\u533a\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u673a\u9047\u3002\u8fd9\u5c06\u5141\u8bb8\u5236\u5b9a\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u4f7f\u6e2f\u53e3\u548c\u90ae\u8f6e\u516c\u53f8\u80fd\u591f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5730\u89e3\u51b3\u8be5\u884c\u4e1a\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u73af\u5883\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u90ae\u8f6e\u65c5\u6e38\u548c\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u90ae\u8f6e\u65c5\u6e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u4e3a\u4f20\u7edf\u4e0a\u88ab\u9501\u5b9a\u5728\u6c89\u9ed8\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u793e\u533a\u7684\u8f6c\u578b\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5c06\u90ae\u8f6e\u6e2f\u53e3\u5f00\u53d1\u6574\u5408\u5230\u5386\u53f2\u60a0\u4e45\u7684\u7687\u5bb6\u6e2f\u53e3\u5c0f\u9547\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5c06\u5386\u53f2\u60a0\u4e45\u7684\u793e\u533a\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u9057\u4ea7\u3001\u73af\u5883\u548c\u6587\u5316\u666f\u70b9\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5347\u7ea7\u5176\u7269\u7406\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u5e76\u6539\u5584\u5c45\u6c11\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u8be5\u5f00\u53d1\u9879\u76ee\u6700\u7ec8\u5c06\u5f15\u5bfc\u8be5\u9547\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u878d\u5165\u5f53\u5730\u4eba\u6c11\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u654f\u611f\u751f\u6001\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u8d44\u6e90\u8fdb\u884c\u826f\u597d\u6cbb\u7406\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u57ce\u9547\u3002\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u5171\u540c\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e3b\u8981\u653f\u5e9c\u673a\u6784\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u4fc3\u8fdb\u7687\u5bb6\u6e2f\u53e3\u4eba\u6c11\u878d\u5165\u6574\u4e2a\u5f00\u53d1\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u5229\u76ca\u76f8\u5173\u8005\u8ba8\u8bba\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u91cd\u5927\u9879\u76ee\u4fee\u6539\u662f\u5c06\u6e2f\u53e3\u4e09\u7ea7\u6c61\u6c34\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u6700\u521d\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8e\u6e2f\u53e3\uff09\u642c\u8fc1\u5230\u5f02\u5730\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u6c61\u6c34\u5904\u7406\u5382\u5c06\u5728\u5176\u8fd0\u8425\u4e2d\u5229\u7528\u73b0\u4ee3\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u51cf\u5c11\u5efa\u7b51\u5360\u5730\u9762\u79ef\u5e76\u63d0\u9ad8\u8fd0\u8425\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u65f6\u523b\u4e3a\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\u90ae\u8f6e\u65c5\u6e38\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u3002\u8be5\u884c\u4e1a\u7684\u672a\u6765\u5c06\u53d7\u5230\u5bf9\u6280\u672f\u8fdb\u6b65\u7684\u6295\u8d44\u7684\u63a8\u52a8\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6295\u8d44\u65e8\u5728\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u548c\u6539\u5584\u4f53\u9a8c\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u51cf\u5c11\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u73af\u5883\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6bd4\u4ee5\u5f80\u4efb\u4f55\u65f6\u5019\u90fd\u66f4\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u51c6\u786e\u5b9a\u4e49\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u7684\u7269\u7406\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u6539\u53d8\u65c5\u884c\u8def\u7ebf\u5e76\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6709\u6548\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u4fdd\u62a4\u548c\u4fee\u590d\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u5404\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u786e\u4fdd\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u76d1\u7ba1\u548c\u7acb\u6cd5\u5b89\u6392\u5230\u4f4d\uff0c\u6765\u9002\u5e94\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u957f\u7684\u6e38\u8f6e\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u63a8\u5e7f\u5065\u5168\u7684\u73af\u5883\u5b9e\u8df5\u3001\u590d\u539f\u529b\u6218\u7565\u548c\u73af\u5883\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9\u4e8e\u91cd\u65b0\u6784\u60f3\u7684\u90ae\u8f6e\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u6e38\u8f6e\u7684\u9646\u4e0a\u4f53\u9a8c\u548c\u666f\u70b9\u5fc5\u987b\u9002\u5e94\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u65b0\u7684\u521b\u610f\u548c\u521b\u65b0\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u957f\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6d77\u6d0b\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u548c\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u5bf9\u4e8e\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u4e43\u81f3\u5730\u7403\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u5c9b\u5c7f\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u7259\u4e70\u52a0\u6b22\u8fce\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6d77\u6d0b\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9ad8\u7ea7\u522b\u5c0f\u7ec4\uff08Ocean Panel\uff09\u5173\u4e8e\u52302030\u5e74\u5b9e\u73b0\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u65c5\u6e38\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u76ee\u6807[8]<\/a>.\u5728 COVID-19 \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u6cbf\u6d77\u548c\u6d77\u6d0b\u65c5\u6e38\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6e38\u8f6e\u65c5\u6e38\u5c06\u51fa\u73b0\u589e\u957f\u3002\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u65bd\u5065\u5168\u548c\u7a33\u5065\u7684\u6218\u7565\u3001\u653f\u7b56\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u793e\u533a\u3001\u8fd9\u4e00\u4ee3\u548c\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\u7684\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

—–<\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> PG Patil\u3001J. Virdin\u3001SM Diez\u3001J. Roberts \u548c A. Singh\uff0c \u8fc8\u5411\u84dd\u8272\u7ecf\u6d4e\uff1a\u52a0\u52d2\u6bd4\u5730\u533a\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u589e\u957f\u7684\u627f\u8bfa<\/em> \uff08\u534e\u76db\u987f\u7279\u533a\uff1a\u4e16\u754c\u94f6\u884c\uff0c2016 \u5e74\uff09\uff0chttps:\/\/documents1.worldbank.org\/curated\/en\/965641473449861013\/pdf\/AUS16344-REVISED-v1-BlueEconomy-FullReport-Oct3.pdf\u3002<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> IA Callejas\u3001CM Lee\u3001DR Mishra\u3001SL Felgate\u3001C. Evans\u3001A. Carrias\u3001A. Rosado \u7b49\u4eba\uff0c\u201cCOVID-19 \u4eba\u7c7b\u66f4\u5e74\u671f\u5bf9\u4f2f\u5229\u5179\u6cbf\u6d77\u6cfb\u6e56\u6c34\u6e05\u6f88\u5ea6\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u201d\uff0c \u6d77\u6d0b\u79d1\u5b66\u524d\u6cbf<\/em>\uff0c2021 \u5e74 5 \u6708 5 \u65e5\uff0chttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmars.2021.648522\u3002<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> L. Jeftic\u3001SB Sheavly \u548c E. Adler\uff0c \u6d77\u6d0b\u5783\u573e\uff1a\u5168\u7403\u6311\u6218<\/em> \uff08\u534e\u76db\u987f\u7279\u533a\uff1a\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u73af\u5883\u89c4\u5212\u7f72\uff0c2009 \u5e74\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a> LS\u7ea6\u7ff0\u900a\uff0c \u6e38\u8f6e\u6392\u653e\u8bc4\u4f30\u62a5\u544a<\/em>\uff0c \u4e0d\u3002 EPA 842-R-07-005\uff08\u534e\u76db\u987f\u7279\u533a\uff1a\u7f8e\u56fd\u73af\u5883\u4fdd\u62a4\u7f72\uff0c2008 \u5e74\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

[5]<\/a> \u7259\u4e70\u52a0\u7684\u81ea\u613f\u56fd\u5bb6\u5ba1\u67e5\uff082018 \u5e74\uff09\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u201c\u672a\u5a5a\u9752\u5e74\u201d\u3002 . .\u4e0e 14-24 \u5c81\u5e74\u9f84\u7ec4\u3001\u5931\u4e1a\u6216\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u4eba\u3001\u672a\u4e0a\u5b66\u6216\u672a\u63a5\u53d7\u57f9\u8bad\u7684\u4eba\u4e00\u6837\u201d\u3002 \u7259\u4e70\u52a0\u5173\u4e8e 2030 \u5e74\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u8bae\u7a0b\u5b9e\u65bd\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u81ea\u613f\u56fd\u5bb6\u5ba1\u67e5\u62a5\u544a<\/em>\uff0c2018 \u5e74 6 \u6708\uff0chttps:\/\/sustainabledevelopment.un.org\/content\/documents\/19499JamaicaMain_VNR_Report.pdf\u3002<\/p>\n

[6]<\/a> \u56fd\u9645\u90ae\u8f6e\u534f\u4f1a\uff0c 2022 \u5e74\u90ae\u8f6e\u4e1a\u72b6\u51b5\u5c55\u671b<\/em>, https:\/\/cruising.org\/-\/media\/clia-media\/research\/2022\/clia-state-of-the-cruise-industry-2022_updated.ashx\u3002<\/p>\n

[7]<\/a> C. Patterson\uff0c\u201c\u6b63\u5728\u5236\u5b9a\u6062\u590d\u5de1\u822a\u8fd0\u8425\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u201d\uff0c \u7259\u4e70\u52a0\u4fe1\u606f\u670d\u52a1<\/em>\uff0c2021 \u5e74 8 \u6708 13 \u65e5\uff0chttps:\/\/jis.gov.jm\/protocols-being-development-for-resumption-of-cruise-operations\/\u3002<\/p>\n

[8]<\/a> \u201c\u6cbf\u6d77\u548c\u6d77\u6d0b\u65c5\u6e38\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u3001\u6709\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u3001\u5e94\u5bf9\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u3001\u51cf\u5c11\u6c61\u67d3\u3001\u652f\u6301\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u518d\u751f\u548c\u751f\u7269\u591a\u6837\u6027\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u5e76\u6295\u8d44\u4e8e\u5f53\u5730\u5c31\u4e1a\u548c\u793e\u533a\u3002\u201d\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6d77\u6d0b\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9ad8\u7ea7\u522b\u5c0f\u7ec4\uff0c \u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6d77\u6d0b\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u8f6c\u578b\uff1a\u4fdd\u62a4\u3001\u751f\u4ea7\u548c\u7e41\u8363\u7684\u613f\u666f<\/em>, 2020, https:\/\/www.oceanpanel.org\/ocean-action\/files\/transformations-sustainable-ocean-economy-eng.pdf\u3002<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":4074,"template":"","perspective_tag":[101],"perspective_category":[111],"opportunity":[119],"class_list":["post-4073","perspective","type-perspective","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","perspective_tag-expert-essay","perspective_category-cruises-the-future-of-cruise-tourism","opportunity-sustainable-coastal-marine-tourism"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n"Edmund Bartlett on the Future of Cruise Tourism - 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