{"id":3972,"date":"2022-06-20T01:42:42","date_gmt":"2022-06-20T01:42:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oceanpanel.org\/?post_type=perspective&p=3972"},"modified":"2022-06-29T16:44:12","modified_gmt":"2022-06-29T16:44:12","slug":"simon-milne-building-back-better-a-catalyst-for-change","status":"publish","type":"perspective","link":"https:\/\/oceanpanel.org\/zh\/perspective\/simon-milne-building-back-better-a-catalyst-for-change\/","title":{"rendered":"Simon Milne \u2014 \u91cd\u5efa\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\uff1a\u53d8\u9769\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u5242"},"content":{"rendered":"

COVID-19 \u5728 2020 \u5e74\u91cd\u521b\u4e86\u56fd\u9645\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\uff0c\u800c 2022 \u5e74\u8fd9\u4e00\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4ecd\u7136\u5f3a\u70c8\u30022020 \u5e74\u56fd\u9645\u6e38\u5ba2\u4eba\u6570\u4e0b\u964d\u4e86 73%\uff0c\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u56fd\u5185\u751f\u4ea7\u603b\u503c\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86 $2 \u4e07\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143[1]<\/a>.\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5168\u7403\u6570\u636e\u63a9\u76d6\u4e86\u5728\u56fd\u5bb6\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u653f\u7b56\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fb9\u5883\u8fc5\u901f\u5bf9\u56fd\u9645\u6e38\u5ba2\u91cd\u65b0\u5f00\u653e\uff0c\u800c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fb9\u5883\u4ecd\u7136\u5173\u95ed\u3002\u8fd9\u573a\u5927\u6d41\u884c\u4f7f\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u76f4\u63a5\u548c\u95f4\u63a5\u8d21\u732e\u8005\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u5bb6\u5ead\u751f\u8ba1\u548c\u793e\u533a\u798f\u7949\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u610f\u4e49\u6709\u4e86\u9c9c\u660e\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u4e3a\u4e86\u771f\u6b63\u6539\u53d8\u6d77\u6d0b\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u5e76\u8f6c\u5411\u84dd\u8272\u7ecf\u6d4e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5305\u5bb9\u6027\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u653f\u7b56\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4ee5\u5728\u8be5\u90e8\u95e8\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u6d77\u6d0b\u7528\u6237\u4e4b\u95f4\u5efa\u7acb\u548c\u7ef4\u6301\u751f\u4ea7\u6027\u8054\u7cfb[11]<\/a>.\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u5168\u7403\u5021\u8bae\u6b63\u5728\u63d0\u4f9b\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u76d1\u6d4b\u548c\u6d4b\u7ed8\uff0c\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u5411\u84dd\u8272\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\uff0c\u5e76\u7a81\u51fa\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cPROBLUE \u5065\u5eb7\u6d77\u6d0b\u3001\u5065\u5eb7\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u5065\u5eb7\u793e\u533a\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u94f6\u884c\u7275\u5934\u7684\u591a\u65b9\u6350\u52a9\u5021\u8bae\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5728\u84dd\u8272\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e2d\u5f00\u53d1\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u6d77\u6d0b\u548c\u6cbf\u6d77\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u4e0e\u6d77\u6d0b\u65c5\u6e38\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4fa7\u91cd\u4e8e\u8bc4\u4f30\u6d77\u6d0b\u4fdd\u62a4\u533a\u5bf9\u533a\u57df\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u6b27\u6d32\u6d77\u6d0b\u4e0e\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f (SOPHIE) \u662f\u4e00\u9879\u65e8\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u6d77\u6d0b\u73af\u5883\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u798f\u7949\u4e4b\u95f4\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u6cdb\u6b27\u7814\u7a76\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u5176\u7279\u8272\u662f\u201c\u84dd\u8272\u6548\u5e94\u201d\u516c\u6c11\u79d1\u5b66\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u53c2\u4e0e\u6d77\u6d0b\u751f\u6001\u65c5\u6e38\u6d3b\u52a8\u5f71\u54cd\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u7684\u5e78\u798f\u611f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6d77\u6d0b\u65c5\u6e38\u5fc5\u987b\u5c06\u5176\u5229\u76ca\u4e0e\u653f\u5e9c\u3001\u5176\u4ed6\u884c\u4e1a\uff08\u5982\u5546\u4e1a\u6355\u9c7c\u548c\u6c34\u4ea7\u517b\u6b96\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u4f20\u7edf\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u6d77\u6d0b\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u793e\u533a\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u4e0e\u6d77\u6d0b\u8d44\u6e90\u4e0e\u6587\u5316\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u5c42\u9762\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u571f\u8457\u793e\u533a\u8fdb\u884c\u63a5\u89e6\u5e76\u5411\u4ed6\u4eec\u5b66\u4e60\u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9886\u57df[12]<\/a>.\u84dd\u8272\u7684\u590d\u82cf\u4e3a\u571f\u8457\u793e\u533a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u53d1\u5305\u542b\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u5229\u7528\u81ea\u7136\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u6e38\u5ba2\u4f53\u9a8c\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5206\u4eab\u4f20\u7edf\u751f\u6001\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u52a0\u6df1\u5bf9\u6587\u5316\u548c\u5730\u65b9\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cDreamtime Dive and Snorkel \u516c\u53f8\u5728\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u4e3a\u671f\u4e00\u5929\u7684\u6d77\u6d0b\u4e4b\u65c5\uff0c\u524d\u5f80\u6d77\u6d0b\u4e4b\u56fd\uff08\u5927\u5821\u7901\uff09\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u6587\u5316\u73ca\u745a\u7901\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002\u8be5\u4f01\u4e1a\u7531 Experience Co. Ltd. \u62e5\u6709\u548c\u7ecf\u8425\uff0c\u4e0e Sea Country \u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u6240\u6709\u8005 Gimuy Walubara Yidinji\u3001Gunggandji\u3001Mandingalbay \u548c Yirrganydji \u4eba\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u571f\u8457\u5411\u5bfc\u4ee5\u4e00\u79cd\u6613\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ea4\u6d41\u6d77\u6d0b\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5206\u4eab\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u73ca\u745a\u7901\u7684\u6df1\u523b\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u5e76\u5f3a\u8c03\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9\u5176\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u968f\u7740\u6d77\u6d0b\u65c5\u6e38\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u548c\u590d\u539f\u529b\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u5e76\u5229\u7528\u57fa\u4e8e\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u89c1\u89e3\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u66f4\u591a\u6311\u6218\u3002\u7ecf\u6d4e\u589e\u957f\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u613f\u671b\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0e\u751f\u6001\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u798f\u7949\u4e00\u8d77\u770b\u5f85\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7d27\u5f20\u5c40\u52bf\u8868\u660e\u9700\u8981\u5236\u5b9a\u4fc3\u8fdb\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u793e\u4f1a\u8c08\u5224\u7684\u89c4\u5212\u548c\u53c2\u4e0e\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u8feb\u5207\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u5f3a\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u91ce\u751f\u52a8\u7269\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u975e\u4eba\u7c7b\u5229\u76ca\u76f8\u5173\u8005\u7eb3\u5165\u7ba1\u7406\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u7406\u89e3[13]<\/a>.\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u4eba\u7c7b\u89c6\u4e3a\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5171\u540c\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6765\u4e86\u89e3\u6d77\u6d0b\u65c5\u6e38\uff0c\u4e0e\u975e\u4eba\u7c7b\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u5177\u6709\u5e73\u7b49\uff08\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7279\u6743\uff09\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u4e0d\u627f\u8ba4\u975e\u4eba\u7c7b\uff0c\u6216\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5173\u6ce8\u5355\u4e00\u7269\u79cd\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u53ea\u4f1a\u63a9\u76d6\u6784\u6210\u5065\u5eb7\u548c\u6709\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u590d\u6742\u751f\u6001\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528[14]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u5fc5\u987b\u91c7\u53d6\u6574\u4f53\u5b66\u79d1\u89c2\u70b9\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u6d77\u6d0b\u65c5\u6e38\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u548c\u6311\u6218[15]<\/a>.\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4ee5\u65b0\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8861\u91cf\u548c\u7406\u89e3\u5f71\u54cd\u2014\u2014\u5236\u5b9a\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u91cd\u65b0\u8bbe\u5b9a\u201d\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u548c\u201c\u91cd\u5efa\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\u201d\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u4e2d\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u6709\u591a\u597d\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5fc5\u987b\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c1\u89e3\u7eb3\u5165\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u53ca\u5176\u8fd0\u8425\u6240\u5728\u7684\u6d77\u6d0b\u73af\u5883\u7684\u89c4\u5212\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u9762\u4e34\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u201c\u5c06\u65e7\u9152\u5012\u5165\u65b0\u74f6\u4e2d\u201d\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n

—–<\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> \u8054\u5408\u56fd\u4e16\u754c\u65c5\u6e38\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u201c\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8d21\u732e\u548c COVID-19 \u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u201d\uff0c2021 \u5e74 11 \u6708\uff0chttps:\/\/www.e-unwto.org\/doi\/epdf\/10.18111\/9789284423200\u3002<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> \u7ecf\u6d4e\u5408\u4f5c\u4e0e\u53d1\u5c55\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u201c\u7ba1\u7406\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u548c\u5305\u5bb9\u6027\u590d\u82cf\u201d\uff0c\u7ecf\u5408\u7ec4\u7ec7\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u8bba\u6587\uff0c2021 \u5e74 1 \u6708\uff0c http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1787\/b062f603-en<\/a>.<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> K. Kemper\uff0c\u201c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u84dd\u8272\u590d\u82cf\u201d\uff0c \u4e16\u754c\u94f6\u884c\u535a\u5ba2<\/em>\uff0c2020 \u5e74 7 \u6708 1 \u65e5\uff0chttps:\/\/blogs.worldbank.org\/voices\/why-we-need-blue-recovery\u3002<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a> \u8054\u5408\u56fd\uff0c\u201cCOVID-19 \u548c\u6539\u53d8\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u201d\uff0c\u653f\u7b56\u7b80\u62a5\uff0c2020 \u5e74 8 \u6708\uff0chttps:\/\/www.un.org\/sites\/un.un.org\/files\/sg_policy_brief_covid-19_tourism_august_2020.pdf\u3002<\/p>\n

[5]<\/a> S. Milne\u3001E. Thorburn\u3001C. Rosin \u548c C. Deuchar\uff0c\u201c\u4e3a\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u84dd\u8272\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u6d77\u6d0b\u751f\u6001\u65c5\u6e38\uff1a\u6587\u732e\u7efc\u8ff0\u201d\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u79d1\u5b66\u6311\u6218\uff1a\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6d77\u6d0b\uff0c2021 \u5e74 3 \u6708\uff0chttps:\/\/www.sustainableseaschallenge.co .nz\/tools-and-resources\/developing-marine-ecotourism-for-a-sustainable-blue-economy-a-literature-review\/\u3002<\/p>\n

[6]<\/a> \u80af\u73c0\uff0c\u201c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u84dd\u8272\u590d\u82cf\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

[7]<\/a> AM Cisneros-Montemayor\u3001EE Becerril-Garc\u00eda\u3001O. Berdeja-Zavala \u548c A. Ayala-Bocos\uff0c\u201c\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u7684\u9ca8\u9c7c\u751f\u6001\u65c5\u6e38\uff1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u4fdd\u62a4\u548c\u5bf9\u84dd\u8272\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u201d\uff0c \u6d77\u6d0b\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u8fdb\u5c55 <\/em>85\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u3002 1\uff082020\uff09\uff1a71-92\u3002<\/p>\n

[8]<\/a> S. Milne\u3001E. Thorburn\u3001K. Wikitera\u3001C. Deuchar \u548c S. Histen\uff0c\u201c\u6d77\u6d0b\u548c\u6cbf\u6d77\u751f\u6001\u65c5\u6e38 - \u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u533a\u57df\u56fe\u7247\uff08\u7b2c 2 \u90e8\u5206\uff09\uff1a\u8fd0\u8425\u5546\u8c03\u67e5\u548c\u8bbf\u8c08\u201d\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u79d1\u5b66\u6311\u6218\uff1a\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6d77\u6d0b\uff0c2021 \u5e74 12 \u6708, https:\/\/www.sustainableseachallenge.co.nz\/tools-and-resources\/marine-ecotourism-baseline-report-2\/\u3002<\/p>\n

[9]<\/a> O. Saidmamatov\u3001U. Matyakubov\u3001I. Rudenko\u3001V. Filimonau\u3001J. Day \u548c T. Luthe\uff0c\u201c\u5229\u7528\u751f\u6001\u65c5\u6e38\u673a\u4f1a\u4fc3\u8fdb\u54b8\u6d77\u5730\u533a\u7684\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\uff1a\u524d\u666f\u4e0e\u6311\u6218\u201d\uff0c \u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6027<\/em> 12\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u3002 21\uff082020\uff09\uff1a9249\u3002<\/p>\n

[10]<\/a> K. Jones \u548c T. Seara\uff0c\u201c\u5c06\u5229\u76ca\u76f8\u5173\u8005\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u6574\u5408\u5230\u57fa\u4e8e\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6e14\u4e1a\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u4e2d\u201d\uff0c \u6d77\u5cb8\u7ba1\u7406<\/em> 48\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u3002 4 (2020): 275\u201388; K. Dimmock\u3001ER Hawkins \u548c M. Tiyce\uff0c\u201c\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u89c2\u9cb8\u4e1a\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u76f8\u5173\u8005\u3001\u884c\u4e1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u7ba1\u7406\u201d\uff0c \u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u65c5\u6e38\u6742\u5fd7<\/em> 22\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u3002 7 (2014): 1108-21\u3002<\/p>\n

[11]<\/a> \u8054\u5408\u56fd\uff0c\u201cCOVID-19 \u548c\u6539\u53d8\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u201d\uff1b\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u73af\u5883\u89c4\u5212\u7f72\uff08UNEP\uff09\uff0c \u6da8\u6f6e\uff1a\u4e3a\u65b0\u5341\u5e74\u7ed8\u5236\u6d77\u6d0b\u91d1\u878d\u56fe<\/em>, 2021 \u5e74 2 \u6708\u3002<\/p>\n

[12]<\/a> M. Amoamo\u3001K. Ruckstuhl \u548c D. Ruwhiu\uff0c\u201c\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u5143\u5316\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5e73\u8861\u571f\u8457\u4ef7\u503c\uff1a\u6bdb\u5229\u751f\u6001\u65c5\u6e38\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\u201d\uff0c \u65c5\u6e38\u89c4\u5212\u4e0e\u53d1\u5c55 <\/em>15\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u3002 5 (2018): 478\u201395; C. Seek \u548c N. Sellier\uff0c \u901a\u8fc7\u65c5\u6e38\u7279\u8bb8\u6743\u4fc3\u8fdb\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\uff1a\u5173\u4e8e\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u5982\u4f55\u9020\u798f\u4e8e\u4fdd\u62a4\u533a\u5185\u53ca\u5468\u8fb9\u7684\u73af\u5883\u548c\u793e\u533a\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76<\/em> \uff08\u534e\u76db\u987f\u7279\u533a\uff1a\u4e16\u754c\u94f6\u884c\u96c6\u56e2\uff0c2019 \u5e74\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

[13]<\/a> A. Chakraborty\uff0c\u201c\u5728\u65c5\u6e38\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u975e\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\uff1a\u5f02\u8bae\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u5b9a\u6027\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u201d\uff0c \u65c5\u6e38\u5730\u7406<\/em> 23\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u3002 1-2\uff082021\uff09\uff1a118-43\u3002<\/p>\n

[14]<\/a> Milne \u7b49\u4eba\uff0c\u201c\u53d1\u5c55\u6d77\u6d0b\u751f\u6001\u65c5\u6e38\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

[15]<\/a> \u73af\u5883\u7f72\uff0c \u6da8\u6f6e<\/em>.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":4078,"template":"","perspective_tag":[101],"perspective_category":[103],"opportunity":[119],"class_list":["post-3972","perspective","type-perspective","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","perspective_tag-expert-essay","perspective_category-building-back-better-a-catalyst-for-change","opportunity-sustainable-coastal-marine-tourism"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n"Building Back Tourism: A Catalyst for Change - Ocean Panel"<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"COVID-19 devastated international tourism in 2020, and the pandemic\u2019s impacts are still being acutely felt in 2022. 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