{"id":3959,"date":"2022-06-19T22:33:31","date_gmt":"2022-06-19T22:33:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oceanpanel.org\/?post_type=perspective&p=3959"},"modified":"2022-06-29T16:44:13","modified_gmt":"2022-06-29T16:44:13","slug":"caroline-tippett-vision-setting-a-sustainable-coastal-and-marine-tourism-sector-in-2030-and-2050","status":"publish","type":"perspective","link":"https:\/\/oceanpanel.org\/zh\/perspective\/caroline-tippett-vision-setting-a-sustainable-coastal-and-marine-tourism-sector-in-2030-and-2050\/","title":{"rendered":"Caroline Tippett \u2014 \u613f\u666f\u8bbe\u5b9a\uff1a2030 \u5e74\u548c 2050 \u5e74\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u6cbf\u6d77\u548c\u6d77\u6d0b\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u8f6c\u53d8\u9700\u8981\u6765\u81ea\u91d1\u878d\u3002\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u5927\u751f\u610f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u91d1\u878d\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u6d41\u52a8\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u4ec5\u5728\u5927\u6d41\u884c\u4e4b\u524d\u7684 2019 \u5e74\uff0c\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u5c31\u5360\u4e86 $9480 \u4ebf\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u6295\u8d44\uff0c\u5360\u5f53\u5e74\u5168\u7403\u603b\u6295\u8d44\u7684 4.3%[4]<\/a>.\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8d44\u91d1\u6d41\u9700\u8981\u4e0e\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u84dd\u8272\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4ee5\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u51cf\u5c11\u77ed\u671f\u3001\u4e2d\u671f\u548c\u957f\u671f\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u548c\u73af\u5883\u9000\u5316\u9020\u6210\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u62c9\u4e01\u7f8e\u6d32\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\uff0c\u7f8e\u6d32\u5f00\u53d1\u94f6\u884c\u4e0e\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u4e16\u754c\u65c5\u6e38\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5408\u4f5c\u53d1\u8d77\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u4ee5\u8d44\u52a9\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4e3a\u73af\u5883\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u548c\u5c31\u4e1a\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u521b\u65b0\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6311\u6218\u83b7\u5f97\u878d\u8d44\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u5305\u62ec Green Fins Global Hub\uff0c\u8be5\u4e2d\u5fc3\u65e8\u5728\u652f\u6301\u54e5\u65af\u8fbe\u9ece\u52a0\u548c\u591a\u7c73\u5c3c\u52a0\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u7684\u5c0f\u578b\u6d77\u6d0b\u65c5\u6e38\u4f01\u4e1a\u8fbe\u5230\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u73af\u5883\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u9879\u4e1a\u52a1\u662f\u7279\u7acb\u5c3c\u8fbe\u548c\u591a\u5df4\u54e5\u7684 Experience Nariva\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u523a\u6fc0\u53d7 Ramsar \u4fdd\u62a4\u7684 Narira Swamp \u7684\u751f\u6001\u65c5\u6e38\uff0c\u4ee5\u9020\u798f\u5f53\u5730\u793e\u533a\u5e76\u4e3a\u826f\u597d\u7684\u73af\u5883\u7ba1\u7406\u521b\u9020\u6fc0\u52b1\u63aa\u65bd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u653f\u7b56\u4e0d\u80fd\u8ddf\u4e0a\u7d27\u8feb\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u5e76\u9884\u6d4b\u672a\u6765\u81ea\u7136\u4fdd\u62a4\u548c\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u7684\u52a8\u8361\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u8f6c\u53d8\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fc3\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u523a\u6fc0\u521b\u65b0\u5e76\u5e2e\u52a9\u5e94\u5bf9\u6311\u6218\u548c\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u6fc0\u52b1\u63aa\u65bd\u3001\u8d44\u6e90\u3001\u8010\u4e45\u6027\u3001\u6295\u8d44\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5fc5\u8981\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ee5\u9f13\u52b1\u4f01\u4e1a\u53c2\u4e0e\u548c\u6295\u8d44\u4e8e\u81ea\u7136\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u3002\u81ea 1990 \u5e74\u53d1\u5e03\u7b2c\u4e00\u4efd\u62a5\u544a\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u95f4\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u4e13\u95e8\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u5206\u4eab\u57fa\u4e8e\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u3001\u98ce\u9669\u548c\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u51b3\u7b56\u8005\u4e86\u89e3\u5fc5\u987b\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48[6]<\/a>.\u8fd9\u79cd\u63d0\u9ad8\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u521b\u65b0\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5384\u74dc\u591a\u5c14\u52a0\u62c9\u5e15\u6208\u65af\u56fd\u5bb6\u516c\u56ed\u7684\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u6e38\u89c8\u8239\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u516c\u56ed\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u81ea\u7136\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f 2008 \u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e3a\u78b3\u6355\u83b7\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0e\u6536\u62b5\u514d\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u5373 45Q\u3002\u5b83\u5df2\u88ab\u786e\u5b9a\u4e3a\u5e2e\u52a9\u8054\u5408\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u6700\u8fd1\u627f\u8bfa\u5230 2050 \u5e74\u5b9e\u73b0\u51c0\u96f6\u6392\u653e\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n

\u653f\u7b56\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u53f8\u6cd5\u7ba1\u8f96\u533a\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u591a\u4e2a\u53f8\u6cd5\u7ba1\u8f96\u533a\uff09\u548c\u5404\u4e2a\u90e8\u95e8\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u53d8\u9769\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u548c\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5168\u7403\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u5730\u65b9\u5c42\u9762\u5f97\u5230\u52a0\u5f3a\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u53d1\u6325\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0e\u4f01\u4e1a\u643a\u624b\u5f15\u9886\u6f6e\u6d41 <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65e8\u5728\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u521b\u9020\u66f4\u7f8e\u597d\u672a\u6765\u7684\u9886\u5148\u4fdd\u62a4\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u5355\u72ec\u505a\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002 WWF \u4e0e\u793e\u533a\u3001\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u516c\u53f8\u4e00\u8d77\u53c2\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee5\u521b\u9020\u6301\u4e45\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 WWF \u5341\u591a\u5e74\u6765\u4e00\u76f4\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e16\u754c\u9886\u5148\u7684\u9152\u5e97\u548c\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u516c\u53f8\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e94\u5bf9\u4fdd\u62a4\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u5e76\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u663e\u7740\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\u6d89\u53ca\u6211\u4eec\u4e0e\u7687\u5bb6\u52a0\u52d2\u6bd4\u96c6\u56e2\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee5\u8bc1\u660e\u5176\u65c5\u884c\u793e\u7b26\u5408 GSTC \u6807\u51c6[7]<\/a>.\u5728 WWF \u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u4e0b\uff0c\u7687\u5bb6\u52a0\u52d2\u6bd4\u96c6\u56e2\u627f\u8bfa\u901a\u8fc7 GSTC \u6846\u67b6\u63d0\u9ad8\u5176\u65c5\u6e38\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u3002\u8be5\u516c\u53f8\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5230 2020 \u5e74\u901a\u8fc7 GSTC \u8ba4\u53ef\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1\u673a\u6784\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7684\u8fd0\u8425\u5546\u63d0\u4f9b 1,000 \u6b21\u65c5\u6e38\uff0c\u7ea6\u5360\u5176\u65c5\u6e38\u7ec4\u5408\u7684 25-30%\u3002\u622a\u81f3 2020 \u5e74 12 \u6708\uff0c\u5b83\u5df2\u901a\u8fc7 29 \u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684 33 \u5bb6\u4e0d\u540c\u65c5\u884c\u793e\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86 2000 \u591a\u6b21 GSTC \u8ba4\u8bc1\u7684\u65c5\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4fc3\u6210\u8fd9\u4e00\u6210\u5c31\u7684\u662f\u7687\u5bb6\u52a0\u52d2\u6bd4\u5730\u533a\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u5458\u548c\u5f53\u5730\u65c5\u884c\u793e\u5bf9 GSTC \u6807\u51c6\u548c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u6d41\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6df1\u601d\u719f\u8651\u7684\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u5e76\u5236\u5b9a\u4e86\u4f18\u5148\u9009\u62e9 GSTC \u8ba4\u8bc1\u65c5\u884c\u793e\u7684\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u91c7\u8d2d\u653f\u7b56\u3002\u7687\u5bb6\u52a0\u52d2\u6bd4\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u5bb6\u57fa\u4e8e GSTC \u8ba4\u53ef\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1\u91c7\u7528\u4f18\u60e0\u8d2d\u4e70\u7684\u5927\u578b\u65c5\u6e38\u516c\u53f8\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u65c5\u6e38\u7ecf\u8425\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u81ea\u8c6a\u5730\u5e2e\u52a9\u4fdd\u62a4\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8282\u7701\u6210\u672c\u3002\u5f53\u5cb8\u4e0a\u6e38\u89c8\u65c5\u6e38\u7ecf\u8425\u8005\u83b7\u5f97\u8ba4\u8bc1\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e58\u6570\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ecf\u8425\u8005\u7ecf\u5e38\u5411\u5176\u4ed6\u90ae\u8f6e\u516c\u53f8\u548c\u65c5\u6e38\u516c\u53f8\u63d0\u4f9b\u65c5\u6e38\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n

WWF \u8fd8\u4e0e\u5fb7\u56fd\u56fd\u9645\u5f00\u53d1\u7f72 (GIZ) \u5728\u6d2a\u90fd\u62c9\u65af\u548c\u4f2f\u5229\u5179\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e09\u9879 GSTC \u76ee\u7684\u5730\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u5f53\u5730\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u6c11\u95f4\u793e\u4f1a\u4e00\u8d77\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7687\u5bb6\u52a0\u52d2\u6bd4\u3002\u4e0e\u8be5\u516c\u53f8\u548c Donsol \u4e00\u8d77\u5728\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u5f00\u5c55\u4e86\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u65c5\u6e38\u8ba1\u5212\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u81ea\u7136\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u5e0c\u671b\u5728\u672a\u6765\u51e0\u5e74\u6269\u5927\u4e0e\u7687\u5bb6\u52a0\u52d2\u6bd4\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u4f2f\u5229\u5179\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u533a\u5171\u540c\u5efa\u7acb\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u79ef\u6781\u5021\u8bae\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a WWF \u7684\u81ea\u7136\u79ef\u6781\u4e1a\u52a1\u6218\u7565\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u5176\u4ed6\u4f01\u4e1a\u5408\u4f5c\u4f19\u4f34\u590d\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u6bc1\u706d\u6027\u5e72\u65f1\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u4e0e\u9886\u5148\u7684\u9152\u5e97\u7ecf\u8425\u8005\u5e0c\u5c14\u987f\u4e00\u8d77\u5728\u5176\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5357\u975e\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u9152\u5e97\u4e2d\u9886\u5bfc\u4e86\u53d8\u9769\u6027\u7684\u6de1\u6c34\u8d44\u6e90\u8ba1\u5212\u3002 WWF \u6b63\u5728\u63a2\u7d22\u4e0e\u5e0c\u5c14\u987f\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u4ee5\u6539\u5584\u6d77\u9c9c\u91c7\u8d2d\u3001\u5f71\u54cd\u5ba2\u6237\u884c\u4e3a\u5e76\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5f00\u5c55\u57fa\u4e8e\u533a\u57df\u7684\u6062\u590d\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5e26\u8d70<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u5728 2030 \u5e74\u5b9e\u73b0\u6d77\u6d0b\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u96c4\u5fc3\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u3002\u968f\u7740\u653f\u5e9c\u3001\u91d1\u878d\u548c\u9152\u5e97\u4e1a\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u5ea6\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u7406\u7531\u62b1\u6709\u5e0c\u671b\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\u505a\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5f2f\u66f2\u81ea\u7136\u548c\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u8870\u9000\u66f2\u7ebf\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u6301\u65c5\u6e38\u5546\u4e1a\u6a21\u5f0f\u6240\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8d44\u672c\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u9700\u8981\u7acb\u5373\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u6e38\u5ba2\u6240\u5bfb\u6c42\u7684\u98ce\u666f\u79c0\u4e3d\u7684\u6d77\u6ee9\u548c\u6d77\u6d0b\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u88ab\u4e0d\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u62b9\u53bb\u3002\u91d1\u878d\u754c\u4e5f\u6709\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5c06\u8d44\u672c\u6d41\u91cd\u65b0\u5bfc\u5411\u81ea\u7136\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\uff1b\u5e94\u8be5\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u6765\u52a0\u901f\u8fc7\u6e21\uff0c\u4ee5\u9020\u798f\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u3001\u5730\u7403\u4e0e\u548c\u5e73\u3002<\/p>\n

—–<\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> \u4e16\u65c5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3002 \u201c\u56fd\u9645\u6e38\u5ba2\u4eba\u6570\u63d0\u524d\u4e24\u5e74\u8fbe\u5230 14 \u4ebf\u201d\uff0c2019 \u5e74 1 \u6708\u3002https:\/\/www.unwto.org\/global\/press-release\/2019-01-21\/international-tourist-arrivals-reach-14-billion - \u672a\u6765\u4e24\u5e74\u7684\u9884\u6d4b<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> \u96c4\u5fc3\u52c3\u52c3\u7684\u8054\u76df\u3002 https:\/\/www.hacfornatureandpeople.org\/home<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> PLOS ONE\u3002 \u201c\u5ba2\u6237\u5e76\u4e0d\u603b\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u2014\u2014\u91ce\u751f\u52a8\u7269\u65c5\u6e38\u9700\u6c42\u589e\u52a0\u5bf9\u4fdd\u62a4\u548c\u52a8\u7269\u798f\u5229\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u201d https:\/\/journals.plos.org\/plosone\/article?id=10.1371\/journal.pone.0138939<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a> \u56fd\u9645\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u3002 \u201c\u82f1\u8054\u90a6\u5c0f\u5dde\u7684\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u590d\u82cf\u548c\u590d\u539f\u529b\uff1a\u5728 COVID-19 \u4e4b\u540e\u63a8\u52a8\u5faa\u73af\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8def\u5f84\u201d\u3002 https:\/\/www.iisd.org\/articles\/tourism-recovery-resilience-commonwealth-small-states-circular-economy<\/p>\n

[5]<\/a> \u8054\u5408\u56fd\u73af\u5883\u89c4\u5212\u7f72\u91d1\u878d\u5021\u8bae\uff0c \u626d\u8f6c\u5c40\u52bf\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u4e3a\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u6d77\u6d0b\u6062\u590d\u878d\u8d44<\/em>\uff0c2021 \u5e74 3 \u6708\uff0chttps:\/\/www.unepfi.org\/publications\/turning-the-tide\/\u3002<\/p>\n

[6]<\/a> IPCC \u62a5\u544a\u3002 https:\/\/www.ipcc.ch\/reports\/<\/p>\n

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